In the last thirty days, the American economy has provided investors and analysts with a range of data that significantly influences the shaping of the broader macroeconomic context. The focus remains on inflation indicators, labor market data, and central bank policies, which together shape current market sentiments.
Starting with inflation, the latest data on the CPI in the United States indicates sustained stability. The annual CPI stood at 2.4%, which aligns with analysts' forecasts. Similarly, the monthly CPI reached 0.3%, also in line with expectations. At the same time, the core CPI m/m, which excludes volatile food and energy prices, was 0.2%, which was also consistent with forecasts. The stability of these indicators suggests that inflation in the USA remains under control, which may influence the Federal Reserve's decisions regarding monetary policy.
However, in the labor market, we observe some alarming signals. The unemployment rate rose to 4.4%, which is higher than the expected 4.3%. Moreover, the data on non-farm payroll changes turned out to be significantly worse than forecasts – instead of the expected 58 thousand new jobs, the market lost 92 thousand jobs. It is worth noting, however, that average hourly wages increased by 0.4%, exceeding expectations of 0.3%. This data may indicate some tensions in the labor market, where despite wage growth, the pace of job creation is slowing, which may be a signal for monetary policy decision-makers to reconsider their next steps.
In the context of central bank policies, the speech by Bank of England Governor Andrew Bailey and recent statements from other key figures, such as the Governor of the Bank of Japan and the Governor of the Australian central bank, indicate a continuation of a cautious approach to monetary policy. Although we do not yet know the details from Governor Bailey's latest speech, earlier signals from the Bank of England suggest that this bank may be forced to adjust its policy in response to changing economic conditions, both locally and internationally.
Meanwhile, in the United States, despite the upcoming FOMC meeting, the current probability of maintaining interest rates at 3.50-3.75% is very high at 99.4%. This situation suggests that the Federal Reserve is unlikely to make a decision to change interest rates in the near future, which may be a response to the stabilization of inflation indicators and challenges in the labor market.
The importance of the market sentiment index cannot be overlooked, which currently indicates a level of 27/100, a reading significantly below the neutral level and indicating prevailing fear in the market. Over the past month, sentiment has dropped by 26 points, reflecting growing caution among investors. Such a decline may be the result of economic uncertainty, related to inconsistencies in labor market data and concerns about future moves by central banks.
In summary, the macroeconomic data from the last thirty days paints a complex picture of an economy where inflation stability contrasts with troubling signals from the labor market. Central banks, including the Federal Reserve, face the challenge of adjusting their policies to dynamically changing conditions, while investors remain cautious, as reflected in the low level of the market sentiment index. Decisions made in the near future will be crucial for the further direction in which the global economy will head.